The Effects of Captive Experience on Reintroduction Survival in Carnivores a Review and Analysis
RESEARCH Article (Open up Access)
Sympathy for the devil: captive-management mode did not influence survival, trunk-mass change or diet of Tasmanian devils 1 year afterward wild release
Tracey Rogers A C , Samantha Fox B , David Pemberton B and Phil Wise B+ Author Affiliations
- Writer Affiliations
A Evolution and Ecology Research Centre, Schoolhouse of BEES, The Academy of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
B Wild fauna Monitoring and Management Department, Wildlife Management Branch, Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment, GPO Box 44, Hobart, Tas. 7001, Australia.
C Corresponding writer. Email: tracey.rogers@unsw.edu.au
Wildlife Research 43(vii) 544-552 https://doi.org/10.1071/WR15221
Submitted: 3 December 2015 Accepted: 2 September 2016 Published: 2 Nov 2016
Periodical Compilation © CSIRO Publishing 2016 Open Access CC Past-NC-ND
Abstract
Context: The value of captive breeding for recovery programs of endangered carnivorous mammals is often questioned because of low post-release survival reported for founder animals following translocation.
Aims: The aim of the present study was to test the effect of rearing method on survival and body mass of captive-raised Tasmanian devils (Sarcophilus harrisii) following release on an offshore island. We likewise compared the post-release nutrition of these devils with the nutrition of wild devils on mainland Tasmania, where a similar assortment of nutrition items is available.
Methods: Twenty-viii captive-raised devils were released onto the island; xix had been raised in intensive captive-management facilities (IC) and ix in costless-range (22 ha) enclosures (FRE). Survival and body-mass change were compared between IC and FRE for up to 440 days post-release. Devil diet was assessed via scat analysis.
Key results: A loftier proportion (96%) of the founders survived 1 year post-release. Pre-release captive-rearing method had no effect. Released devils gained an average of xiv% of their original body mass, irrespective of captive-rearing method. There was very little difference in the diet of captive-reared devils released onto Maria Island relative to wild mainland devils: Tasmanian pademelon, Thylogale billardierii, was the master food item for both.
Conclusions: The intensity of captive rearing did not affect the survival of devils released onto Maria Isle. This suggests that even devils held in IC facilities retain the innate behaviour required to scavenge and hunt prey, and therefore maintain bodyweight post-release. The lack of any threatening processes on the island is also probable to have contributed to the loftier survival rate 2 years post-release.
Implications: Our study provided preliminary prove that the release of captive-raised Tasmanian devils onto off-shore islands is a viable conservation action. Convict-convenance programs and captive-raised founders can play a viable and valuable role in the conservation action plans for recovery programs of endangered carnivorous mammals.
Additional keywords: practical environmental, conservation biological science, endangered species, foraging, vertebrates, wildlife management.
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